§ Most recent · Digital assets
There is no single VARA rulebook. Four compulsory rulebooks bind every VASP, an activity rulebook attaches to each licence, and the obligation set is assembled, not selected.
What is our position on…
Jul 2026Onshore or free zone: how do the three UAE Shariah-governance regimes compare?
Signed · Makki · with Fahad Al Howdari & Nicholas Kairis
Jul 2026How does Shariah governance in ADGM differ from the onshore Central Bank regime?
Signed · Makki · with Fahad Al Howdari & Nicholas Kairis
Jul 2026How does the UAE’s Higher Shariah Authority compare with Malaysia’s Shariah Advisory Council?
Signed · Makki · with Fahad Al Howdari & Nicholas Kairis
Jul 2026What law governs a UAE insurer after the move to the Central Bank, and which instruments survived?
Signed · Makki · with Fahad Al Howdari & Nicholas Kairis
Jul 2026How is Shariah compliance governed inside a UAE takaful company?
Signed · Makki · with Fahad Al Howdari & Nicholas Kairis
Jul 2026How is a UAE takaful fund structured, and who is entitled to its surplus?
Signed · Makki · with Fahad Al Howdari & Nicholas Kairis
Jul 2026What standard must a UAE Islamic financial product actually meet?
Signed · Makki · with Fahad Al Howdari & Nicholas Kairis
Jul 2026Who has the final word on Shariah compliance under a UAE licence?
Signed · Makki · with Fahad Al Howdari & Nicholas Kairis
Jul 2026Who is the federal data regulator, and what can it actually do?
Signed · Makki · with Fahad Al Howdari & Nicholas Kairis
Jul 2026How does ADGM’s data protection regime treat artificial intelligence?
Signed · Makki · with Fahad Al Howdari & Nicholas Kairis
Jul 2026Who is responsible when an AI system processes personal data in the DIFC?
Signed · Makki · with Fahad Al Howdari & Nicholas Kairis
Jul 2026Does the UAE’s federal data protection law regulate artificial intelligence?
Signed · Makki · with Fahad Al Howdari & Nicholas Kairis
Jul 2026Who must be disclosed as the beneficial owner of an ADGM entity?
Signed · Makki · with Fahad Al Howdari & Nicholas Kairis
Jul 2026When is limited liability not limited under the Commercial Companies Law?
Signed · Makki · with Fahad Al Howdari & Nicholas Kairis
Jul 2026When is limited liability not limited under the ADGM Companies Regulations?
Signed · Makki · with Fahad Al Howdari & Nicholas Kairis
Jul 2026The DIFC Qualified Investor Fund, and how it sits against ADGM: fees, valuation, and the conflicts divergence
Signed · Makki · with Fahad Al Howdari & Nicholas Kairis
Jul 2026Valuation and pricing under the ADGM Fund Rules: a graduated regime, and where it thins
Signed · Makki · with Fahad Al Howdari & Nicholas Kairis
Jul 2026Qualified Investor Funds under the ADGM Fund Rules: the perimeter of what the rulebook requires
Signed · Makki · with Fahad Al Howdari & Nicholas Kairis
Jul 2026Performance fees under the ADGM Fund Rules: authorisation and disclosure, not structural constraint
Signed · Makki · with Fahad Al Howdari & Nicholas Kairis
Jul 2026What counts as market abuse under the CMA regime, and who is an insider?
Signed · Makki · with Fahad Al Howdari & Nicholas Kairis
Jul 2026What does it take to offer, list, and disclose securities under the CMA regime?
Signed · Makki · with Fahad Al Howdari & Nicholas Kairis
Jul 2026Who regulates the exchange itself: the CMA, or the market it licenses?
Signed · Makki · with Fahad Al Howdari & Nicholas Kairis
Jul 2026What does it take to obtain, hold, and surrender a CMA licence?
Signed · Makki · with Fahad Al Howdari & Nicholas Kairis
Jul 2026Who is inside the UAE’s new capital-markets law, and which rules apply today?
Signed · Makki · with Fahad Al Howdari & Nicholas Kairis
Jul 2026What does a VASP owe its clients on paper?
Signed · Makki · with Fahad Al Howdari & Nicholas Kairis
Jul 2026What counts as market abuse in Dubai’s virtual-asset market?
Signed · Makki · with Fahad Al Howdari & Nicholas Kairis
Jul 2026What does VARA expect your compliance function to produce?
Signed · Makki · with Fahad Al Howdari & Nicholas Kairis
Jul 2026Who is personally accountable when a VASP breaks the rules?
Signed · Makki · with Fahad Al Howdari & Nicholas Kairis
Jul 2026Which federal laws stand behind a VARA licence?
Signed · Makki · with Fahad Al Howdari & Nicholas Kairis
Jul 2026Who must follow VARA’s marketing rules, and what do they require?
Signed · Makki · with Fahad Al Howdari & Nicholas Kairis
Jul 2026How are stablecoins regulated, and what falls to the Central Bank instead?
Signed · Makki · with Fahad Al Howdari & Nicholas Kairis
Jul 2026What capital does a VARA licence actually require?
Signed · Makki · with Fahad Al Howdari & Nicholas Kairis
Jul 2026If my VASP fails, where does my crypto sit?
Signed · Makki · with Fahad Al Howdari & Nicholas Kairis
Jul 2026What can a VASP do with client virtual assets?
Signed · Makki · with Fahad Al Howdari & Nicholas Kairis
Jul 2026Which VARA rulebooks apply to your business?
Signed · Makki · with Fahad Al Howdari & Nicholas Kairis