hoot.Hoot’s Positions.

§ Most recent · Digital assets

Which VARA rulebooks apply to your business?

There is no single VARA rulebook. Four compulsory rulebooks bind every VASP, an activity rulebook attaches to each licence, and the obligation set is assembled, not selected.

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Onshore or free zone: how do the three UAE Shariah-governance regimes compare?
Jul 2026
Islamic finance

Onshore or free zone: how do the three UAE Shariah-governance regimes compare?

Signed · Makki · with Fahad Al Howdari & Nicholas Kairis
How does Shariah governance in ADGM differ from the onshore Central Bank regime?
Jul 2026
Islamic finance

How does Shariah governance in ADGM differ from the onshore Central Bank regime?

Signed · Makki · with Fahad Al Howdari & Nicholas Kairis
How does the UAE’s Higher Shariah Authority compare with Malaysia’s Shariah Advisory Council?
Jul 2026
Islamic finance

How does the UAE’s Higher Shariah Authority compare with Malaysia’s Shariah Advisory Council?

Signed · Makki · with Fahad Al Howdari & Nicholas Kairis
What law governs a UAE insurer after the move to the Central Bank, and which instruments survived?
Jul 2026
Islamic finance

What law governs a UAE insurer after the move to the Central Bank, and which instruments survived?

Signed · Makki · with Fahad Al Howdari & Nicholas Kairis
How is Shariah compliance governed inside a UAE takaful company?
Jul 2026
Islamic finance

How is Shariah compliance governed inside a UAE takaful company?

Signed · Makki · with Fahad Al Howdari & Nicholas Kairis
How is a UAE takaful fund structured, and who is entitled to its surplus?
Jul 2026
Islamic finance

How is a UAE takaful fund structured, and who is entitled to its surplus?

Signed · Makki · with Fahad Al Howdari & Nicholas Kairis
What standard must a UAE Islamic financial product actually meet?
Jul 2026
Islamic finance

What standard must a UAE Islamic financial product actually meet?

Signed · Makki · with Fahad Al Howdari & Nicholas Kairis
Who has the final word on Shariah compliance under a UAE licence?
Jul 2026
Islamic finance

Who has the final word on Shariah compliance under a UAE licence?

Signed · Makki · with Fahad Al Howdari & Nicholas Kairis
Who is the federal data regulator, and what can it actually do?
Jul 2026
AI & technology

Who is the federal data regulator, and what can it actually do?

Signed · Makki · with Fahad Al Howdari & Nicholas Kairis
How does ADGM’s data protection regime treat artificial intelligence?
Jul 2026
AI & technology

How does ADGM’s data protection regime treat artificial intelligence?

Signed · Makki · with Fahad Al Howdari & Nicholas Kairis
DIFC architecture representing the legal foundation for AI and data in the DIFC
Jul 2026
AI & technology

Who is responsible when an AI system processes personal data in the DIFC?

Signed · Makki · with Fahad Al Howdari & Nicholas Kairis
Does the UAE’s federal data protection law regulate artificial intelligence?
Jul 2026
AI & technology

Does the UAE’s federal data protection law regulate artificial intelligence?

Signed · Makki · with Fahad Al Howdari & Nicholas Kairis
Who must be disclosed as the beneficial owner of an ADGM entity?
Jul 2026
Corporate structuring

Who must be disclosed as the beneficial owner of an ADGM entity?

Signed · Makki · with Fahad Al Howdari & Nicholas Kairis
When is limited liability not limited under the Commercial Companies Law?
Jul 2026
Corporate structuring

When is limited liability not limited under the Commercial Companies Law?

Signed · Makki · with Fahad Al Howdari & Nicholas Kairis
When is limited liability not limited under the ADGM Companies Regulations?
Jul 2026
Corporate structuring

When is limited liability not limited under the ADGM Companies Regulations?

Signed · Makki · with Fahad Al Howdari & Nicholas Kairis
The DIFC Qualified Investor Fund, and how it sits against ADGM: fees, valuation, and the conflicts divergence
Jul 2026
Funds

The DIFC Qualified Investor Fund, and how it sits against ADGM: fees, valuation, and the conflicts divergence

Signed · Makki · with Fahad Al Howdari & Nicholas Kairis
Valuation and pricing under the ADGM Fund Rules: a graduated regime, and where it thins
Jul 2026
Funds

Valuation and pricing under the ADGM Fund Rules: a graduated regime, and where it thins

Signed · Makki · with Fahad Al Howdari & Nicholas Kairis
Qualified Investor Funds under the ADGM Fund Rules: the perimeter of what the rulebook requires
Jul 2026
Funds

Qualified Investor Funds under the ADGM Fund Rules: the perimeter of what the rulebook requires

Signed · Makki · with Fahad Al Howdari & Nicholas Kairis
Performance fees under the ADGM Fund Rules: authorisation and disclosure, not structural constraint
Jul 2026
Funds

Performance fees under the ADGM Fund Rules: authorisation and disclosure, not structural constraint

Signed · Makki · with Fahad Al Howdari & Nicholas Kairis
What counts as market abuse under the CMA regime, and who is an insider?
Jul 2026
Financial markets

What counts as market abuse under the CMA regime, and who is an insider?

Signed · Makki · with Fahad Al Howdari & Nicholas Kairis
Receding tide revealing sand, representing disclosure obligations under the CMA regime
Jul 2026
Financial markets

What does it take to offer, list, and disclose securities under the CMA regime?

Signed · Makki · with Fahad Al Howdari & Nicholas Kairis
Exchange trading board representing CMA regulation of licensed markets
Jul 2026
Financial markets

Who regulates the exchange itself: the CMA, or the market it licenses?

Signed · Makki · with Fahad Al Howdari & Nicholas Kairis
What does it take to obtain, hold, and surrender a CMA licence?
Jul 2026
Financial markets

What does it take to obtain, hold, and surrender a CMA licence?

Signed · Makki · with Fahad Al Howdari & Nicholas Kairis
Abu Dhabi financial district representing who sits inside the UAE capital-markets law
Jul 2026
Financial markets

Who is inside the UAE’s new capital-markets law, and which rules apply today?

Signed · Makki · with Fahad Al Howdari & Nicholas Kairis
Contract being reviewed representing the written obligations a VASP owes under VARA
Jul 2026
Digital assets

What does a VASP owe its clients on paper?

Signed · Makki · with Fahad Al Howdari & Nicholas Kairis
Trader at market screens representing market abuse in Dubai's virtual-asset market
Jul 2026
Digital assets

What counts as market abuse in Dubai’s virtual-asset market?

Signed · Makki · with Fahad Al Howdari & Nicholas Kairis
Compliance team at work representing what VARA expects a compliance function to produce
Jul 2026
Digital assets

What does VARA expect your compliance function to produce?

Signed · Makki · with Fahad Al Howdari & Nicholas Kairis
Who is personally accountable when a VASP breaks the rules?
Jul 2026
Digital assets

Who is personally accountable when a VASP breaks the rules?

Signed · Makki · with Fahad Al Howdari & Nicholas Kairis
Which federal laws stand behind a VARA licence?
Jul 2026
Digital assets

Which federal laws stand behind a VARA licence?

Signed · Makki · with Fahad Al Howdari & Nicholas Kairis
Rope boundary across sand representing the reach of VARA marketing rules into the UAE
Jul 2026
Digital assets

Who must follow VARA’s marketing rules, and what do they require?

Signed · Makki · with Fahad Al Howdari & Nicholas Kairis
Tide line representing the regulatory boundary between VARA and the UAE Central Bank on stablecoins
Jul 2026
Digital assets

How are stablecoins regulated, and what falls to the Central Bank instead?

Signed · Makki · with Fahad Al Howdari & Nicholas Kairis
Stacked stone cairn representing the layered capital requirements of a VARA licence
Jul 2026
Digital assets

What capital does a VARA licence actually require?

Signed · Makki · with Fahad Al Howdari & Nicholas Kairis
Cracked ice representing the untested ring-fence around client crypto in a UAE VASP insolvency
Jul 2026
Digital assets

If my VASP fails, where does my crypto sit?

Signed · Makki · with Fahad Al Howdari & Nicholas Kairis
Secure vault entrance representing custody of client virtual assets under VARA
Jul 2026
Digital assets

What can a VASP do with client virtual assets?

Signed · Makki · with Fahad Al Howdari & Nicholas Kairis
Which VARA rulebooks apply to your business?
Jul 2026
Digital assets

Which VARA rulebooks apply to your business?

Signed · Makki · with Fahad Al Howdari & Nicholas Kairis